India

Republic of India is a county in South Asia constituting most of the Indian Subcontinent. It is the largest democratic country in the world. It is second most populous country with more than one billion (100 crores). Indan economy is the fourth largest economy and second fastest growing economy in the world. By geographical area India the seventh largest country. It shares its borders with People's republic of China, Pakistan, Myanmar, Bangladesh, Nepal, and Bhutan. Sri Lanka, Maldives, and Indonesia are nearby island nations in the Indian Ocean. Four major religions of the world Hinduism, Budhism, Jainism, and Sikhism are originated in India. 

Name	India, Bharat, and Hindustan
Capital	New Delhi
Largest City	Mumbai
Official language	Hindi, English (+ 21 other officially recognised languages)
President	Dr. APJ Abdul Kalam
Prime Minister	Dr. Manmohan Singh
Area - Total - % water	3,287,590 km² 9.56%
Population - Total (2003) - Density	102,70,15,247 (2001 census) 329/km²
GDP by PPP - Total (2005 estimate) - GDP/head	$3.602 trillion $3,262
Independence	August 15, 1947
Republic	January 26, 1950
Currency Currency Code (ISO 4217)	Indian Rupee INR
Time zone	UTC +5.30 (IST)
Internet TLD	.in
Calling Code	91
National Flag	Tiranga (Tricolor)
National Emblem	Sarnath Lion
National anthem	Jana Gana Mana
National Motto	Satyameva Jayathe (Truth Always Triumphs)
National song	Vande Mataram
National game	Hockey
National animal	Royal Bengal Tiger
National bird	Peacock
National flower	Lotus
National tree	Banyan
National fruit	Mango
National flower	Lotus
National costume	Saree
National calender	Saka (Hindu Calender)

 

The official name India is derived from Sindhu (river Indus) and is the most internationally recognisable of the country. Bharat is the other official name of India. Bharat comes from the name of a ancient Hindu king. It is also known as Hindustan meaning land of the Hindus.

India a socialist, secular, sovereign, democratic republic with a bicameral parliament ( Rajya Sabha and Lok Sabha). The President is the head of the state. The Prime Minister is the head of the Government.

India is divided into 29 States and 6 Union Territories. States are further divided into Districts. Each State is headed by a Governor and Chief Minister is the head the State Government. Union Territories are governed by administrator appointed by Union Government, though some have elected governments.